Influence of Land Use and Depth on Organic Carbon Content in Two Agricultural Production Systems in the Central Highlands of Mexico
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.28940/terralatinoamericana.v44i.2272Keywords:
agriculture, SOC, forestry, livestock, greenhouse gasesAbstract
Soil is important in mitigating greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, as it acts as a carbon (C) reservoir, provides physical protection to organic matter (OM), and contributes to reducing emissions associated with lower fertilizer application. However, land conversion to agricultural use affects the soil's organic carbon (SOC) sequestration capacity, leading to GHG emissions. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of land use and depth on SOC content in two agricultural production systems in Mexico. In systems S1 and S2, four sampling points were randomly selected for each land use (pasture P, forest F, and crop A) over nine periods. At each point, a soil subsample was taken from depths of 0–10 cm and 10–20 cm, and a composite sample was created from the four subsamples per depth. SOC content, bulk density, moisture content, and pH were determined. The results for soil organic carbon (SOC) content showed a significant difference between systems (p = 0.040) and between land uses (p = 0.02). In S1, land use P presented a content of 87.39 Mg C ha-1, similar to land use A with 87.23 Mg C ha-1; however, S1F contains lower SOC (54.27 Mg C ha-1). In S2, soil use P showed the highest SOC content with 70.44 Mg C ha-1, compared to uses S2F (58.64 Mg C ha-1) and S2A (58.24 Mg C ha‑1). Regarding the effect of soil depth, there was a significant difference (p < 0.0001). The average SOC content in S1 at 0-10 cm was 89.74 Mg ha-1 and at 10-20 cm was 62.86 Mg C ha-1. In S2, the SOC content at 0-10 cm was 75.81 Mg ha-1 and at 10-20 cm was 48.07 Mg C ha-1. The highest SOC content in both systems was found at a depth of 0-10 cm.
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